Analisis Kaedah Fiqh tentang Kecerdasan Buatan (AI) menurut Pandangan Pakar Muslim: Analysis of Fiqh Methodologies on Artificial Intelligence (AI) from the Perspective of Muslim Scholars

AMIRAH IZZATI OMAR; Liena Khalida  Muhamad Mahir; Qatrun Nada  Mat Saad

Authors

AMIRAH IZZATI OMAR Kolej Universiti Islam Perlis
Liena Khalida Muhamad Mahir
Qatrun Nada Mat Saad

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, Fiqh, Maqasid Syariah, Pakar Muslim

Abstract

This study analyzes Fiqh methodologies related to the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based on the perspectives of Muslim scholars, emphasizing these methodologies as the primary framework of the research. In this era of rapidly advancing technology, AI has brought various benefits, such as increased productivity, efficiency, and innovation across multiple sectors. However, uncontrolled usage poses potential harms that conflict with Islamic principles. This study adopts a qualitative approach through document analysis, encompassing books, journals, fatwas, and circulars. The findings reveal several Fiqh principles, such as when two harms conflict, the greater harm should be avoided by tolerating the lesser harm, the principle of no harm and no reciprocation of harm, and the foundational rule that everything is permissible unless there is evidence proving its prohibition. Opinions from Muslim scholars provide guidance on ethical, moral, and legal issues related to AI, including the preservation of religion, life, intellect, lineage, and wealth. The study concludes that the use of AI is generally permissible as long as it brings benefits consistent with Fiqh principles. However, it becomes prohibited if it results in harm or violates Islamic principles. This study emphasizes the need for an ethical framework based on holistic Fiqh perspectives to ensure that AI is used responsibly in line with contemporary developments.

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